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Venus of Willendorf
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Venus of Willendorf : ウィキペディア英語版
Venus of Willendorf

The Venus of Willendorf, now known in academia as the Woman of Willendorf, is a high statuette of a female figure estimated to have been made between about 28,000 and 25,000 BCE.〔(Nude Woman (Venus of Willendorf) ), Smarthistory〕 It was found in 1908 by a workman named Johann Veran or Josef Veram〔Geoffrey Bibby (1956) ''The Testimony of the Spade'', p.139, Alfred A. Knoff, New York 〕 during excavations conducted by archaeologists Josef Szombathy, Hugo Obermaier and Josef Bayer at a paleolithic site near Willendorf, a village in Lower Austria near the town of Krems.〔〔John J Reich; Lawrence Cunningham (2013) ''Culture and Values: A Survey of the Humanities'', 8th Ed., Andover, Belmont, CA ISBN 978-11-33-95122-3〕 It is carved from an oolitic limestone that is not local to the area, and tinted with red ochre. The figurine is now in the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna, Austria.〔Witcombe, Christopher (2003) (''Venus of Willendorf'' ), retrieved 2008〕
Several similar statuettes and other forms of art have been discovered, and they are collectively referred to as Venus figurines, although they pre-date the mythological figure of Venus by millennia.
==Dating==

After a wide variety of proposed dates, following a revised analysis of the stratigraphy of its site in 1990, the figure was estimated to have been carved 24,000–22,000 BCE,〔(Venus of Willendorf ) Christopher L. C. E. Witcombe, 2003.〕 but more recent estimates have pushed the date back "slightly" to between about 28,000 and 25,000 BCE.
It is believed that the figure was carved during the Paleolithic Period, also known as the "Old Stone Age". This period of Prehistory started around 30,000 BCE.〔

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